There are two hazards that firefighters operating above a fire contend with: being caught in a flow path and floor collapse. Operating above a fire is always dangerous, but the risk is significantly greater when firefighters are unaware that there is fire below them. This class will examine how differences in elevation, concealed spaces, floor coverings, utilities, and fires that start on the outside of a building can mask the true location and extent of fire. It will also examine how research into fire dynamics and study of line-of-duty-death fires have influenced changes in tactics that firefighters perform to attack fires below them. 

This session is sponsored by: